Paul Smith

Executive Summary   The Architecture of Impunity: How UN Human Rights Procedure and Criminal Inaction Shield Atrocity in Iran   This paper examines a structural accountability failure: the conversion of documented atrocity into an administratively manageable diplomatic process. Over the past two decades, United Nations human rights mechanisms have built a dense record on Iran—resolutions,

Introduction Diaspora as Political Arena, Not Moral Category   The transnational legitimacy of the Islamic Republic is not produced solely within Iran’s borders. It is mediated, amplified, and circulated through external institutional ecosystems that shape perception and dilute accountability. The term “diaspora” is often treated as a cultural or demographic descriptor. It implies displacement, memory,

Introduction — The Lie That Bought the Regime Time   For more than two decades, one word delayed accountability in Iran: reform. The reformist illusion in Iran has long been presented as a pathway to gradual change. This article examines how the myth of moderation stabilised the Islamic Republic’s coercive structure and ultimately enabled mass

How the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Became the Engine of Organised Repression and Transnational Terror   Introduction — When a Military Becomes the Engine of a Regime The IRGC terror organisation Europe designation is not merely a diplomatic decision; it is a long-delayed recognition of a structure that functions as the primary engine of repression

How an Unelected Figure Built Wealth, Influence, and Succession Without Accountability   Introduction — The Invisible Centre of Power   There are two types of power in authoritarian systems. The first is visible. It has a title, an office, and a formal mandate. It appears in constitutions, decrees and state television broadcasts. The second is

Introduction: The Judge Who Turned Law Into a Weapon In functioning legal systems, the judiciary exists to restrain power. In the Islamic Republic, it exists to execute it.   For over four decades, Iran’s judiciary has not acted as an independent arbiter of law, but as a central instrument of repression, issuing legality to violence,

Introduction — Naming the Defendant   This article is not another account of violence in Iran, nor a repetition of what has already been documented in the January 2026 Mass Killings Report or the legal analysis on Ali Khamenei and Crimes Against Humanity. It begins where those works necessarily end. At a certain point, describing

A Comparative Analysis of State Violence Against Its Own Population   Introduction: Why Definitions Matter When Mass Killing Occurs   When a state kills its own population, language is not neutral. It becomes a battleground. The words used to describe mass killing are not merely descriptive; they determine responsibility, urgency, and consequence. To call systematic